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An economic assessment of the viability of a business, it means that a firm is either not earning what is expected (i.e. it has a below normal rate of return) or is not meeting its obligations. It is not synonymous with bankruptcy because bankruptcy is more of a formal and legal definition. A failing company is not necessarily a bankrupt company and vice-versa.

Business failure (Wikipedia)

Business failure refers to a company ceasing operations following its inability to make a profit or to bring in enough revenue to cover its expenses. A profitable business can fail if it does not generate adequate cash flow to meet expenses.

300px Joe%27s store in Lake Stevens%2C 2009
Joe's was a business which failed in 2009.
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Liquidation sale occurring at a Forever 21 in Denver, Colorado in November 2019.
300px Closed Justice at Colonie Mall%2C 8 16 20
A closed Justice store at Colonie Center in Albany, New York in August 2020.
300px Newspaper advert for GoingOutOfBusiness Sale
Advertisement for "Quitting Business" sale in Los Angeles, California, newspaper, 1909
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